Did you know Bone Black Pigment? What is Bone Black Definition? And More Information about Bone Black? Here little info about Bone Black for you.

Bone black is a natural black pigment created by destructive distillation of animal bones in the absence of oxygen. Animal bones are carefully selected and prepared for calcination. Only fresh, hard bones free from extraneous material can be used. This is accomplished by boiling or rendering the bones to remove fat and oily residues. Once the bones are defatted, they are placed into hermetically sealed retorts in kilns, through which they pass slowly during 24 hours at a temperature of 800o to 900oC. This process of manufacture leaves bone char which is the raw material for bone black pigment.

A well burned char has a firm physical structure, high porosity and white ash upon ignition. Each grain of char consists of a series of cavities connected by a great number of minute tubules and channels originally containing the nerves and blood vessels. The framework of this cellular structure consists primarily of tricalcium phosphate, which is entirely coated by a deposit of carbon in a state of very fine subdivisions.

The subsequent pigment is created by crushing the bone char and screening it into various sizes, which range from 0.3 to 44 microns. These intermediary products are then custom blended to create a wide variety of shades which are suitable for many different applications. Some area applications are artist colors, paper products, paints and lacquers, leathers and vinyls, and plastics. A unique area is in case hardening for gunsmithing.

Bone black is not a competitor or a replacement for carbon black. In tint strength, carbon black is superior to bone black, however, bone black has a high loading capacity in it’s favor. Along with this feature, bone black has many properties which make it unique. First and foremost, bone black is classified as non-hazardous and does not contain aromatic hydrocarbons which are considered to be carcinogenic. Because of this, bone black can be used for food grade applications which meet the Food Chemical Codex.

Secondly, bone black has a dull black, non-glossy finish with a very jet masstone. It retains consistent color from start to finish through the milling process. Milling time is cut because it doesn’t require extensive ball milling to disperse. It actually disperses easily in aqueous or oil base vehicles because it does not float or flocculate and can be used in high speed dispersing equipment. In fact because bone black is not an oil by-product, it can be dispersed in water by stirring with a spoon.

Another attractive aspect to bone black is that it does not overpower colors being toned. It actually makes an excellent toner for many colors, and allows for adjustments in tinting strength. Along with this, bone black is a non-migratory black, as well as being non-conductive.

Other properties of bone black are its low vehicle absorption and heat stability. Bone black’s low vehicle absorption allows for a high loading capacity. In some applications, loading capacity is 25% higher than carbon black, which tend to get gummy at high loading capacities. Also, bone black has a greater heat stability than black iron oxide and is comparable to carbon blacks.

Again, bone black is not a replacement for carbon black, rather a special niche black used in applications where carbon blacks cannot be used. There are alternatives in the pigment industry, and with a little research and a slip back in time to discover the forgotten black.

Original Source: www.ebonex.com/b_bla.htm

Depending on what is being defined and measured, lipodystrophy has been reported in 5-80% of people on treatment. Only a smaller percentage of people will show clinical symptoms. In order to treat HIV, we need to recognise that many of the current drugs affect the way our bodies process fats and sugar.

Over the short-term, most people do not have serious problems. The benefits from treatment still clearly outweigh the risks. However, for a significant minority of people the problems can occur more quickly, or can become more serious.

Preventing lipodystrophy is more important and more successful than trying to treat lipodystrophy after it has developed.

As no one can predict who will be affected before starting treatment, monitoring in order to change treatment if you get early symptoms is very important.

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The licensed operator of your favorite food cart might be dead. A two-year city investigation estimated that at least 500 vendor licenses are fakes — either registered to dead people or held by those who are no longer in the business. Vendor advocates say that market conditions encourage fraud, because only a dozen or so permits a year are legally available through the Department of Health

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Is Your Favorite Food Cart Legit?

Now that it’s been out for a week, you may have read a bit from Michael Steinberger’s Au Revoir to All That: Food, Wine, and the End of France , which explores the decline of French cuisine. A passage reprinted on Slate (Steinberger is the site’s wine columnist) describes the Michelin guide’s loss of authority , and another details the rise of McDonald’s in a country formerly known to appreciate leisurely lunches. The book doesn’t really delve into New York dining much, but since so much in it reminds us of Stateside trends, we asked Steinberger for his thoughts

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Has New York Said ‘Au Revoir’ to All That French Cuisine?

And he’s back, folks.

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Steve Jobs back to work at Apple

An anonymous tipster tells us chef Joe Isidori quit Harbour last week, but a rep for the Hudson Square seafood spot tells us he’s just taking a monthlong leave for personal health reasons. We’re assured that it’s no big deal and he’ll be popping in and out of the restaurant while it’s run by his chef de cuisine, Anthony Fusco. Harbour is doing about 100 covers per night, says the rep — it just launched a Sunday jazz supper and will soon add a bar menu as well

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Joe Isidori Takes Some Time Off From Harbour

Sorry to do this right before lunchtime. But we recently had a look at the menu in the front window of Yummy BBQ, a Hawaiian-Mexican takeout joint in Ridgewood. Just as we were contemplating trying the Loco Moco (gravy-smothered hamburger patties over rice, topped with eggs), we noticed the menu was swarming with flies

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Waiter, There’s a Fly on My Menu. Lots of Them, Actually

Pinkberry one-ups Red Mango ’s tropical Tangomonium today with the debut of coconut and passion fruit summer flavors. If you’re an Equinox member, you can get a free small cup at Pinkberry today between 5 and 9 p.m

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Pinkberry Gets Gym to Shill for New Tropical Flavors

Seems that HP got all the laptop love out of its system yesterday, as today were having a foursome of new desktops shoved down our throats.

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HP outs healthy slew of new Pavilion / Compaq Presario desktops

• Mario Batali has backed out of judging this year’s Vendy Awards. [ Midtown Lunch ] • Like many consumers, restaurateur Donatella Arpaia has been looking for ways to cut her spending while dining out, including tipping less for subpar service and visiting high-end restaurants for lunch only. [ WSJ ] • Classy: PETA has erected a billboard reading “Meat Kills” outside of the Scotland hospital where a pregnant woman recently died of swine flu.

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Batali Won’t Judge Vendys; Donatella Arpaia Pinches Pennies

• Surprise, surprise. CB3 did not condone a liquor license for super-boozy Superdive

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Falai May Get Full Booze; Gino Is Finally Taking Credit Cards

According to Dieter over at PreCentral , real, honest-to-goodness usable apps are starting to “trickle out” for the Pre / webOS. Apparently utilizing a loophole in the operating system which allows unsigned apps to be sideloaded through email, homebrewers have taken to the interwebs with small utilities like the tip calculator (pictured above). This comes just a day after a group of DIY’ers figured out a workable solution for getting software onto the phone without rooting , so obviously Pre hacking is moving along at a healthy clip.

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Homebrew apps come to the Palm Pre

Let’s face it: no one digs long security lines at airports. But if you reckoned a healthy amount of folks would be willing to pay $128 per year in order to bypass said lines at only a few airports in the world, you’d be wrong

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Clear shuffles through its last upstanding citizen, tells the rest to fall in line

Rachelle Hruska and Merlin Bronques Sorry this morning’s first post is a little late! We were just working up the stamina to ponder that Sunday Styles profile of Guest of a Guest, the nightlife and events blog that glamorizes the young socialite set and the models-and-bottles clubs.

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A Tale of Two Blogs: Guest of a Guest and Last Night’s Party

We didn’t think it could get much better than a Park Slope shop serving 100 sandwiches , but lordy — a saintly reader tells us, and we’ve confirmed, that Murray’s Cheese has just today launched a build-your-own-panini counter by the name of Murray’s Melts. The prices seem too good to be true, but with irresistible add-ons like quince paste going for $1, there’s no way you’re going to confine yourself to the $3.99 base sandwich

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Mind Melter: Murray’s Introduces Van Leeuwen Milkshakes and DIY Panini

Dean & Deluca on University Place closed today by order of the Department of Health, according to a tipster. A DOH sign says they were operating without a permit.

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DOH Closes Dean & Deluca

Attention, ergonomics buffs: an advisory recently published by Queensland University of Technology is predicting a rash of injuries as a result of users straining to get a clear look at Apple’s “high gloss” screens, and the ergonomically unsound postures and positions that result. If you should find yourself in possession of one of these “torture displays” (as we think Apple should refer to them in their advertising from now on), Queensland Tech offers many suggestions for staying healthy, including: Placing the monitor so that screen is at a 90 degree angle to overhead lighting, closing the curtains or blinds to minimize glare, and adjusting the contrast / turning down the brightness. Of course, we’re sure you’ve already tried all those things if you’re one of the parties effected — what, then is a strained MacBook user to do?

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Apple’s glossy screens will ‘mess you up,’ University report warns

• Jean-Georges Vongerichten prepared halibut for Barack Obama, Bill Clinton, George H.W.

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Jean-Georges Cooks for Obama; Citarella Evicted in Harlem

Christina Tosi is so over fun flavors like doughnuts and candy. In a bizarrely healthy move, Momofuku Milk Bar will replace candy-inspired soft-serve with rosemary, apricot, lemon verbena, and blackberry flavors on Wednesday. [ Momofuku ] Read more posts by Alexandra Vallis Filed Under: east village , ice cream , momofuku milk bar , sweet news

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Milk Bar’s New Herbal Ice Cream